ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, A549, and the highly metastatic lung cancer 95D cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CCK-8 assay was used to assess the effect of BDMC on cytotoxicity. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate apoptosis. Western blot analysis, electron microscopy, and quantification of GFP-LC3 punctuates were used to test the effect of BDMC on autophagy and apoptosis of lung cancer cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>BDMC inhibited the viability of NSCLC cells, but had no cytotoxic effects on lung small airway epithelial cells (SAECs). The apoptotic cell death induced by BDMC was accompanied with the induction of autophagy in NSCLC cells. Blockage of autophagy by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) repressed the growth inhibitory effects and induction of apoptosis by BDMC. In addition, BDMC treatment significantly decreased smoothened (SMO) and the transcription factor glioma-associated oncogene 1 (Gli1) expression. Furthermore, depletion of Gli1 by siRNA and cyclopamine (a specific SMO inhibitor) induced autophagy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Aberrant activation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling has been implicated in several human cancers, including lung cancers. The present findings provide direct evidence that BDMC-induced autophagy plays a pro-death role in NSCLC, in part, by inhibiting Hedgehog signaling.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Autophagy , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Drug Therapy , Cell Line, Tumor , Curcumin , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Down-Regulation , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Hedgehog Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors , Genetics , Metabolism , Signal Transduction , Zinc Finger Protein GLI1ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) is an active component of curcumin and a chemotherapeutic agent, which has been suggested to inhibit tumor growth, invasion and metastasis in multiple cancers. But its contribution and mechanism of action in invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are not very clear. Therefore, we tried to study the effects of BDMC on regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is closely linked to tumor cell invasion and metastasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, we first induced transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) mediated EMT in highly metastatic lung cancer 95D cells. Thereafter, we studied the effects of BDMC on invasion and migration of 95D cells. In addition, EMT markers expressions were also analyzed by western blot and immunofluorescence assays. The contribution of Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF-1) in regulating BDMC effects on TGF-β1 induced EMT were further analyzed by its overexpression and small interfering RNA knockdown studies.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It was observed that BDMC inhibited the TGF-β1 induced EMT in 95D cells. Furthermore, it also inhibited the Wnt signaling pathway by upregulating WIF-1 protein expression. In addition, WIF-1 manipulation studies further revealed that WIF-1 is a central molecule mediating BDMC response towards TGF-β1 induced EMT by regulating cell invasion and migration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our study concluded that BDMC effects on TGF-β1 induced EMT in NSCLC are mediated through WIF-1 and elucidated a novel mechanism of EMT regulation by BDMC.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing , Genetics , Metabolism , Blotting, Western , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Genetics , Curcumin , Pharmacology , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Genetics , Lung Neoplasms , Metabolism , Repressor Proteins , Genetics , Metabolism , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and significance of P311 and ITGB4BP in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissue microarrays were prepared from 80 NSCLC specimens and examined by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rates of P311 and ITGB4BP expression were 77.5% (62/80) and 82.5% (66/80), respectively. The double positive expression rate was 73.8% (59/80). The consistency rate was 87.5%, and there was a significant consistency between P311 and ITGB4BP expressions (Kappa = 0.611, P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There may be a new signaling pathway P311-ITGB4BP in NSCLC, and it may regulate the lung cancer cell migration.</p>